Pablo Ruiz Picasso, Spanish painter and sculptor. Cubist

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Artists and creators / Modernism and avant-garde movements

Pablo Ruiz Picasso

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Pablo Ruiz Picasso © EFE

Speciality

Painting

Date of birth

Oct 25, 1881

Date of death

1973

"Painter, sculptor, engraver and draughtsman. He is one of the geniuses of modern art, and together with Georges Braque and Juan Gris, the creator of Cubism."

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He was born in Malaga in 1881. Between 1901 and 1907 his work evolved through what are known as his 'blue' and 'pink' periods, characterised by the use of those colours, and by the theme of isolated figures showing gestures of sorrow and suffering. He had a keen interest in Cézanne, and based on his work would develop a new pictorial formula together with his friend Braque: cubism. In 1912 he started including collage in his painting. The surrealist movement of 1925 served as a turning point and led to the appearance of distorted figures in his work. The outbreak of the Spanish Civil War and the bombing of the town of Guernica inspired him to create one of the most famous works of contemporary art. In his last years he worked in a highly personal style using bright colours and unusual forms. He died in Mougins (France) in 1973.

Essential works

Ballets Russes, Sergei Diaghilev

A watercolour publicising the work on two occasions, it shows Picasso’s links to the theatre world.

National Theatre Museum (Almagro)
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The goat

Picasso dedicated this piece “to the ceramics museum in Valencia”.

González Martí National Museum of Ceramics and Sumptuary Arts (Valencia)
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Guernica

This vast canvas by Picasso is an indictment of war, and has become a universal emblem.

Reina Sofía National Art Museum (Madrid)
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Dead birds

“Still life (Dead birds)” is a good example of Picassian cubism.

Reina Sofía National Art Museum (Madrid)
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Woman in blue

This work was painted during the brief period Picasso spent in Madrid between the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and has an interesting history.

Reina Sofía National Art Museum (Madrid)
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